Sony PlayStation 2 – fotografieSony · 2000

Game consoles

Sony PlayStation 2

Sony Year 2000 269 games

History & context

When Sony launched the PlayStation 2 in Japan in March 2000 (and in Europe and North America in the autumn of that same year), it built on the phenomenal success of the first PlayStation from the position of a self-assured leader. But this was no mere sequel — the PS2 became a cultural phenomenon that defined an entire generation and ultimately went down in history as the best-selling gaming console of all time, with more than 155 million units sold. The key to this triumph was not just performance, but a brilliant strategic decision: the PS2 could play back DVD films. At a time when standalone DVD players were expensive, plenty of households bought a PS2 essentially as a cheap player — and the game library then won them over on its own.

Sony also cleverly bet on continuity. The PS2 was backward compatible with PlayStation 1 games, so a new owner did not lose their existing collection. Thanks to its enormous installed base, strong publisher support and a library of thousands of titles, the PS2 stayed on the market for an incredibly long time — official production only ended in 2013, a full thirteen years after its debut.

Technology: graphics and sound

The heart of the console was the famous Emotion Engine processor, a 128-bit CPU clocked at just under 300 MHz with vector units (VU0 and VU1) optimised for physics calculations and 3D geometry transformations. Rendering was handled by the Graphics Synthesizer chip with extremely fast embedded video memory, which relied more on enormous fillrate than on the modern effects of the day. The console had 32 MB of main RDRAM memory, which was relatively little in the context of the era and forced developers into ingenious optimisation.

The PS2's architecture was notoriously difficult to program — squeezing the most out of it took years. While early titles sometimes looked awkward, late games like God of War II, Shadow of the Colossus and Gran Turismo 4 showed what truly lay dormant inside the machine. Sound was handled by the dedicated SPU2 processor with 48 voices and support for surround sound, allowing games to offer rich orchestral soundtracks and Dolby effects.

Peripherals and accessories

The console shipped with a reworked DualShock 2 controller — outwardly almost identical to the original, but with analogue pressure-sensitive buttons, which in a number of games brought more nuanced control of the throttle or the force of a press. An outright revolution was the EyeToy camera, which captured the player and drew their movements directly into the on-screen action; it thus anticipated the era of motion controls by several years.

There was also a Network Adapter card for online play (already integrated in later Slim models), dance mats for the Dance Dance Revolution series, microphones for SingStar, plastic guitars for Guitar Hero, buzzers for the Buzz! quizzes and countless steering wheels. Saving was handled by memory cards with a capacity of 8 MB.

Models and revisions

The original "fat" PS2 was a hefty black box with a vertically oriented stand and a front slot for memory cards. A key feature was the expansion bay on the rear, into which a hard drive (HDD) could be installed — used by the legendary version of Final Fantasy XI or the game SOCOM, and above all it enabled the installation of games via homebrew.

In 2004 came the dramatically shrunk PS2 Slimline (Slim) revision, thin as a book, with an integrated network adapter but without an internal bay for an HDD. It was the Slim that became a long-term bestseller and continued selling well into the PlayStation 3 era.

Significance and legacy

The PlayStation 2 is, without exaggeration, the most successful and influential console in history. Its huge library covers absolutely every genre — from monumental JRPGs through brutal action games, racers and fighters to artistic gems like ICO and Okami. It was on the PS2 that a number of series were born which to this day form the backbone of the games industry: God of War, Kingdom Hearts, Devil May Cry, Ratchet & Clank and Jak and Daxter.

For today's retro gamers there is great news in the mature PCSX2 emulator, which on a powerful PC handles the vast majority of the library at higher resolution. The PS2 thus remains a living treasure trove — perhaps the largest any single console has ever offered.

Games on this platform (269)